XXXIV Молодежный семинар "Mechanisms of Recurrent Polyploidization Cycles"

26 декабря (четверг), 16:00, 102 ауд.

Polina Yu. Novikova, Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany

Mechanisms of Recurrent Polyploidization Cycles

Polyploidization or whole-genome duplication (WGD) is a recurring process in evolution. The abundance of polyploidy varies across lineages, evolutionary times, and geography, suggesting that genetics and the environment play a role in polyploid persistence. Polyploidy originates from a cell cycle error, and in species without a dedicated germline, mitotic and meiotic errors can be inherited. After the origin, polyploids face immediate fertility challenges and must adapt mating systems and meiotic machinery to prevent improper chromosome pairing and segregation, such as multivalent formation. Over evolutionary timescales, surviving polyploids undergo rediploidization, reorganizing their genomes back to a diploid state. In my lab, we use different plant and animal model systems on a genus level, such as Arabidopsis, Rorippa, Fragaria, Potamogeton, and Neobatrachus, to tackle each of these steps of the polyploidization cycle.